02 Concepts of Health and Well-being
Highlights:
1. Holistic concept of health (Definitions from World Health Organization)
- State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
- In further elaboration in 1984, health is:
- the extent to which an individual or a group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment
- a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living
- a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities
2. Different aspects of health
- Physical health : related to the physical functioning of the human body
- Intellectual health : the ability to memorize, reason, analyze and make rational decisions
- Emotional health : the ability (1) to recognize and express emotions properly and (2) to cope with stress, worries and depression in daily life
- Social health : the ability to establish and maintain good relationships with others
Reading:
Application:
3. Factors affecting health
- Demographic factors – age, gender, race and ethnicity etc.
- Social factors – social class, education, lifestyle, living environment, accessibility to service etc.
- Economic factors – employment rate, income and economy etc.
- Nutritional factors – balanced diet, eating habits, nutrient intake etc.
- Socio-biological factors – effects of parents’ over- and under estimation of children on the personal development etc.
- Psychobiological factors – hyperactivity and lack of concentration etc.
- Ecological factors – human activities, natural disasters etc.
- Globalization – spread of infectious diseases, western-style fast food etc.
- Technological advancement – screening and vaccination etc.
4. Different perspectives of health and well-being
- Biological perspective – physical growth and development, biological defects
- Social perspective – interpersonal relationships, social support, influence of economic changes
- Psychological perspective – personality development, self-esteem and self-concept, emotional and mental health
- Spiritual perspective – personal / religious beliefs
- Ecological perspective – natural resources, pollution, global warming
- Cultural perspective – different attitudes on health and care, food culture and eating habits
Latest Update: October 2019
Power-point
Assessing my learning
- What is health?
- What are the factors that enhance health?
- What are the risk factors that influence health?
- How does social care promote health?